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The text below is taken from the List_of_state_leaders_in_2008 article on Wikipedia, and is used under the terms of their licence.

List of state leaders in 2008

2007 state leaders - Events of 2008 - 2009 state leaders - State leaders by year

Contents

1 Africa
2 Asia
3 Europe
4 Middle East
5 North America
6 Oceania
7 South America
8 References

Africa

Algeria
- President - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Abdelaziz Belkhadem, Prime Minister of Algeria (2006–2008)
  2. Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2008–present)
Angola
- President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–2008)
  2. Paulo Kassoma, Prime Minister of Angola (2008-present)
Benin
- President - Yayi Boni, President of Benin (2006–present)
Botswana
- President -
  1. Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
  2. Ian Khama, President of Botswana (2008–present)
Burkina Faso
- President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
- Prime Minister - Tertius Zongo, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2007–present)
Burundi
- President - Pierre Nkurunziza, President of Burundi (2005–present)
Cameroon
- President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
- Prime Minister - Ephraïm Inoni, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2004–present)
Cape Verde
- President - Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–present)
- Prime Minister - José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–present)
Central African Republic
- President - François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Élie Doté, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2005–2008)
  2. Faustin-Archange Touadéra, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2008–present)
Chad
- President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye, Prime Minister of Chad (2007–2008)
  2. Youssouf Saleh Abbas, Prime Minister of Chad (2008–present)
Comoros
- President - Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of Comoros (2006–present)
- Anjouan
  - President -
    1. Mohamed Bacar, President of Anjouan (2007–2008)
    2. Ikililou Dhoinine, provisional President of Anjouan (2008)
    3. Lailizamane Abdou Cheik, interim President of Anjouan (2008)
    4. Moussa Toybou, President of Anjouan (2008–present)
- Grande Comore
  - President - Mohamed Abdoulwahab, President of Grande Comore (2007–present)
- Mohéli
  - President - Mohamed Ali Said, President of Mohéli (2007–present)
Democratic Republic of the Congo
- President - Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Antoine Gizenga, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006–2008)
  2. Adolphe Muzito, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2008–present)
Republic of the Congo
- President - Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
- Prime Minister - Isidore Mvouba, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2005–present)
Côte d'Ivoire
- President - Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Guillaume Soro, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2007–present)
Djibouti
- President - Ismail Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–present)
Equatorial Guinea
- President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2006–2008)
  2. Ignacio Milam Tang, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2008–present)
Eritrea
- President - Isaias Afewerki, President of Eritrea (1993–present)
Ethiopia
- President - Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–present)
- Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–present)
Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–present)
- Prime Minister - Jean Eyeghe Ndong, Prime Minister of Gabon (2006–present)
The Gambia
- President - Yahya Jammeh, President of The Gambia (1994–present)
Ghana
- President - John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–2009)
Guinea
- President -
  1. Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
  2. Moussa Dadis Camara, President of the National Council for Democracy and Development (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Lansana Kouyaté, Prime Minister of Guinea (2007–2008)
  2. Ahmed Tidiane Souaré, Prime Minister of Guinea (2008)
  3. Kabine Komara, Prime Minister of Guinea (2008–present)
Guinea-Bissau
- President - João Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (2005–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Martinho Ndafa Kabi, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2007–2008)
  2. Carlos Correia, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2008-2009)
Kenya
- President - Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Raila Odinga, Prime Minister of Kenya (2008–present)
Lesotho
- Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–present)
Liberia
- Head of State - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, President of Liberia (2006–present)
Libya
- De facto Chief of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution (1969–present)
- Nominal Chief of State - Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani, General Secretary of the General People's Congress (1992–present)
- Head of Government - Baghdadi Mahmudi, General Secretary of the General People's Committee (2006–present)
Madagascar
- President - Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Charles Rabemananjara, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2007–present)
Malawi
- President - Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–present)
Mali
- President - Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Modibo Sidibé, Prime Minister of Mali (2007–present)
Mauritania
- President -
  1. Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, President of Mauritania (2007–2008)
  2. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, President of the High Council of State (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Zeine Ould Zeidane, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2007–2008)
  2. Yahya Ould Ahmed El Waghef, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2008)
  3. Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2008–present)
Mauritius
- President - Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–present)
- Rodrigues
  - Chief Commissioner - Johnson Roussety, Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues (2006–present)
  - Chief Executive - Jean-Claude Pierre-Louis, Chief Executive of Rodrigues (2004–present)
Morocco
- Monarch - Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Abbas El Fassi, Prime Minister of Morocco (2007–present)
Mozambique
- President - Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Luisa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–present)
Namibia
- President - Hifikepunye Pohamba, President of Namibia (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Nahas Angula, Prime Minister of Namibia (2005–present)
Niger
- President - Tandja Mamadou, President of Niger (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Seyni Oumarou, Prime Minister of Niger (2007–present)
Nigeria
- President - Umaru Yar'Adua, President of Nigeria (2007–present)
Rwanda
- President - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–present)
São Tomé and Príncipe
- President - Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2001–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Tomé Vera Cruz, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2006–2008)
  2. Patrice Trovoada, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2008)
  3. Joaquim Rafael Branco, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2008–present)
- Príncipe
  - President - José Cassandra, President of the Regional Government of Príncipe (2006–present)
Senegal
- President - Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré, Prime Minister of Senegal (2007–present)
Seychelles
- President - James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–present)
Sierra Leone
- President - Ernest Bai Koroma, President of Sierra Leone (2007–present)
Somalia
- President -
  1. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Somalia (2004–2008)
  2. Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe, Interim President of Somalia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister - Nur Hassan Hussein, Prime Minister of Somalia (2007–present)
- Somaliland
  - President - Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–present)
- Puntland
  - President - Mohamud Muse Hersi, President of Puntland (2005–present)
South Africa
- President -
  1. Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
  2. Kgalema Motlanthe, President of South Africa (2008–present)
Sudan
- President - Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–present)
- Southern Sudan
  - President - Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of the Government of Southern Sudan (2005–present)
Swaziland
- Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–2008)
  2. Behki Dlamini, Acting Prime Minister of Swaziland (2008)
  3. Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2008–present)
Tanzania
- President - Jakaya Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Edward Lowassa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2005–2008)
  2. Mizengo Pinda, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2008–present)
- Zanzibar
  - President - Amani Abeid Karume, President of Zanzibar (2000–present)
  - Chief Minister - Shamsi Vuai Nahodha, Chief Minister of Zanzibar (2000–present)
Togo
- President - Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Komlan Mally, Prime Minister of Togo (2007–2008)
  2. Gilbert Houngbo, Prime Minister of Togo (2008–present)
Tunisia
- President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–present)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–present)
Uganda
- President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
- Prime Minister - Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–present)
Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)
- President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–present)
- Prime Minister - Abdelkader Taleb Oumar, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2003–present)
Zambia
- President -
  1. Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–2008)
  2. Rupiah Banda, Acting President of Zambia (2008)
  3. Rupiah Banda, President of Zambia (2008–present)
Zimbabwe
- President - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1980–present)
- Prime Minister - Morgan Tsvangirai, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (2008–present)

Asia

Afghanistan
- President - Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001–present)
Bangladesh
- President - Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Fakhruddin Ahmed, Chief Adviser of the Caretaker Government (2007–2009)
Bhutan
- King - Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Kinzang Dorji, Caretaker Prime Minister of Bhutan (2007–2008)
  2. Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2008–present)
Brunei
- Sultan - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
Cambodia
- King - Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present)
People's Republic of China
- Communist Party Leader - Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–present)
- President - Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
- Premier - Wen Jiabao, Premier of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
- Hong Kong
  - Chief Executive - Donald Tsang, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2005–present)
- Macau
  - Chief Executive - Edmund Ho, Chief Executive of Macau (1999–present)
East Timor
- President - José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Xanana Gusmão, Prime Minister of East Timor (2007–present)
India
- President - Pratibha Patil, President of India (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–present)
Indonesia
- President - Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–present)
Japan
- Emperor - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Yasuo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan (2007–2008)
  2. Taro Aso, Prime Minister of Japan (2008–present)
Kazakhstan
- President - Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–present)
- Prime Minister - Karim Masimov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2007–present)
North Korea
- De facto Ruler - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defence Commission (1993–present)
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Jong-il, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (1997–present)
- Nominal Head of State - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998–present)
- Premier - Kim Yong-il, Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2007–present)
South Korea
- President -
  1. Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (2003–2008)
  2. Lee Myung Bak, President of South Korea (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Han Duck-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2007–2008)
  2. Han Seung-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2008–present)
Kyrgyzstan
- President - Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President of Kyrgyzstan (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Igor Chudinov, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2007–present)
Laos
- Communist Party Leader - Choummaly Sayasone, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (2006–present)
- President - Choummaly Sayasone, President of Laos (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Bouasone Bouphavanh, Prime Minister of Laos (2006–present)
Malaysia
- Monarch - Mizan Zainal Abidin, Paramount Ruler of Malaysia (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2003–present)
Maldives
- President -
  1. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of Maldives (1978–2008)
  2. Mohamed Nasheed, President of Maldives (2008–present)
Mongolia
- President - Nambaryn Enkhbayar, President of Mongolia (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Sanjaagiin Bayar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2007–present)
Myanmar
- Head of State - Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council (1992–present)
- Prime Minister - Thein Sein, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2007–present)
Nepal
- Prime Minister -
  1. Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (2006–2008)
  2. Prachanda, Prime Minister of Nepal (2008–present)
- Head of State -
  1. Girija Prasad Koirala, Acting Head of State (2007–2008)
  2. Ram Baran Yadav, President (2008–present)
Pakistan
- President -
  1. Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
  2. Muhammad Mian Soomro, Acting President of Pakistan (2008)
  3. Asif Ali Zardari, President of Pakistan (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Muhammad Mian Soomro, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2007–2008)
  2. Yousaf Raza Gillani, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2008–present)
The Philippines
- President - Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–present)
- Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
  - Governor - Zaldy Ampatuan, Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (2005–present)
Singapore
- President - S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–present)
Sri Lanka
- President - Mahinda Rajapakse, President of Sri Lanka (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2005–present)
Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President -
  1. Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China (2000–2008)
  2. Ma Ying-jeou, President of the Republic of China (2008–present)
- Premier -
  1. Chang Chun-hsiung, President of the Executive Yuan (2007–2008)
  2. Liu Chao-shiuan, President of the Executive Yuan (2008–present)
Tajikistan
- President - Emomali Rahmonov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
- Prime Minister - Akil Akilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–present)
- Gorno-Badakhshan
  - Chairman of the Administration - Alimamad Niyozmamadov, Chairman of the administration (1994–present)
Thailand
- King - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Surayud Chulanont, Prime Minister of Thailand (2006–2008)
  2. Samak Sundaravej, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  3. Somchai Wongsawat, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  4. Chaovarat Chanweerakul, Caretaker Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  5. Abhisit Vejjajiva, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008–present)
Turkmenistan
- President - Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow, President of Turkmenistan (2006–present)
Uzbekistan
- President - Islom Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1991–present)
- Prime Minister - Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–present)
Vietnam
- Communist Party Leader - Nong Duc Manh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2001–present)
- President - Nguyen Minh Triet, President of Vietnam (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Nguyen Tan Dung, Prime Minister of Vietnam (2006–present)

Europe

Albania
- President - Bamir Topi, President of Albania (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–present)
Andorra
- Co-Princes
  - French Co-Prince - Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France (2007–present)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Bishop of Urgell (2003–present)
- Head of the Government - Albert Pintat, Head of the Government of Andorra (2005–present)
- General Syndic - Joan Gabriel Estany, General Syndic of Andorra (2005–present)
Armenia
- President -
  1. Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
  2. Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Serzh Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2007–2008)
  2. Tigran Sarkisyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2008–present)
Austria
- President - Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–present)
- Chancellor -
  1. Alfred Gusenbauer, Chancellor of Austria (2007–2008)
  2. Werner Faymann, Chancellor of Austria (2008–present)
Azerbaijan
- President - Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Nagorno-Karabakh
  - President - Bako Sahakyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Arayik Harutyunyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–present)
- Nakhichevan
  - Chairman of the Parliament - Vasif Talybov, Chairman of the Parliament of Nakhichevan (1993–present)
  - Chairman of the Council of Ministers - Alovsat Bakhshiev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Nakhichevan (2000–present)
Belarus
- President - Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
- Prime Minister - Sergey Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–present)
Belgium
- King - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
  2. Yves Leterme, Prime Minister of Belgium (2008)
  3. Herman Van Rompuy, Prime Minister of Belgium (2008–present)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Presidency
  - Serb member - Nebojša Radmanović (2006–present)
  - Bosniak member - Haris Silajdžić (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency (2008–present)
  - Croat member - Željko Komšić (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency (2007–2008)
- Prime Minister - Nikola Špirić, Prime Minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
- High Representative - Christian Schwarz-Schilling, Germany (2006–present)
- Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  - President - Borjana Krišto, President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Nedžad Branković, Prime Minister of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
- Republika Srpska
  - President - Rajko Kuzmanović, President of the Republika Srpska (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Milorad Dodik, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (2006–present)
- Brčko District
  - Raffi Gregorian (United States), International Supervisor of Brčko District (2006–present)
  - Mirsad Đapo (Bosniak), Mayor of Brčko (2004–present)
Bulgaria
- President - Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–present)
- Premier - Sergey Stanishev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (2005–present)
Croatia
- President - Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–present)
Cyprus
- President -
  1. Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
  2. Dimitris Christofias, President of Cyprus (2008–present)
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  - President - Mehmet Ali Talat, President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Ferdi Sabit Soyer, Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2005–present)
Czech Republic
- President - Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Mirek Topolánek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2006–present)
Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
- Prime Minister - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–present)
- Faroe Islands
  - Prime Minister - Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2004–present)
- Greenland
  - Prime Minister - Hans Enoksen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2002–present)
Estonia
- President - Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Andrus Ansip, Prime Minister of Estonia (2005–present)
Finland
- President - Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–present)
- Åland
  - Premier - Viveka Eriksson, Premier of Åland (2007–present)
France
- President - Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - François Fillon, Prime Minister of France (2007–present)
Georgia
- President -
  1. Nino Burjanadze, Acting President of Georgia (2007–2008)
  2. Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Lado Gurgenidze, Prime Minister of Georgia (2007–2008)
  2. Grigol Mgaloblishvili, Prime Minister of Georgia (2008–present)
- Abkhazia
  - President - Sergey Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Alexander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2005–present)
- South Ossetia
  - President - Eduard Kokoyty, President of South Ossetia (2001–present)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Yury Morozov, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005–2008)
    2. Boris Chochiev, Acting Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2008-present)
Germany
- President - Horst Köhler, President of Germany (2004–present)
- Chancellor - Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany (2005–present)
Greece
- President - Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–present)
- Mount Athos
  - Spiritual Leader - Bartholomew I, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (1991–present)
Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Fabian Malbon, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (2005–present)
- Bailiff - Geoffrey Rowland, Bailiff of Guernsey (2005–present)
- Chief minister -
  1. Mike Torode, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2007–2008)
  2. Lyndon Trott, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2008–present)
Hungary
- President - László Sólyom, President of Hungary (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–present)
Iceland
- President - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Geir Haarde, Prime Minister of Iceland (2006–present)
Ireland
- President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (1997–2008)
  2. Brian Cowen, Taoiseach (2008–present)
Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Man (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Paul Haddacks, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2005–present)
- Chief minister - Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of Man (2004–present)
Italy
- President - Giorgio Napolitano, President of the Italian Republic (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Romano Prodi, Prime Minister of Italy (2006–2008)
  2. Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy (2008–present)
Jersey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir John Cheshire, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (2001–present)
- Bailiff - Philip Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey (1995–present)
- Chief Minister - Frank Walker, Chief Minister of Jersey (2005–present)
Latvia
- President - Valdis Zatlers, President of Latvia (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Ivars Godmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2007–present)
Liechtenstein
- Prince - Hans Adam II, Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Regent - Prince Alois (2004–present)
- Head of Government - Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–present)
Lithuania
- President - Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Gediminas Kirkilas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2006–present)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–present)
Republic of Macedonia
- President - Branko Crvenkovski, President of the Republic of Macedonia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Nikola Gruevski, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2006–present)
Malta
- President - Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–present)
Moldova
- President - Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
  2. Zinaida Greceanîi, Prime Minister of Moldova (2008–present)
- Transnistria
  - President - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1991–present)
- Gagauzia
  - President - Gheorghe Tabunscic, President of Gagauzia Autonomous Region (2002–present)
Monaco
- Prince - Albert II, Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
- Minister of State - Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of State of Monaco (2005–present)
Montenegro
- President - Filip Vujanović, President of Montenegro (2002–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Željko Šturanović, President of the Government of Montenegro (2006–2008)
  2. Milo Đukanović, President of the Government of Montenegro (2008–present)
The Netherlands
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
- Prime Minister - Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–present)
Norway
- Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
- Prime Minister - Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–present)
Poland
- President - Lech Aleksander Kaczyński, President of the Republic of Poland (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Donald Tusk, Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland (2007–present)
Portugal
- President - Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–present)
Romania
- President - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
  2. Emil Boc, Prime Minister of Romania (2008–present)
Russia
- President -
  1. Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
  2. Dmitry Medvedev‎, President of Russia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Viktor Zubkov, Prime Minister of Russia (2007–2008)
  2. Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister of Russia (2008–present)
San Marino
- Captains-Regent -
  1. Mirko Tomassoni‎ and Alberto Selva‎ (October 2007–April 2008)
  2. Rosa Zafferani and Federico Pedini Amati (April 2008–October 2008)
  3. Ernesto Benedettini and Assunta Meloni (October 2008-present)
Serbia
- President - Boris Tadić President of Serbia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Vojislav Koštunica, Prime Minister of Serbia (2004–2008)
  2. Mirko Cvetković, Prime Minister of Serbia (2008-present)
- Kosovo (international administration)
  - President - Fatmir Sejdiu, President of Kosovo (2006–present)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Agim Çeku, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2006–2008)
    2. Hashim Thaçi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2008–present)
Slovakia
- President - Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2006–present)
Slovenia
- President - Danilo Türk, President of Slovenia (2007–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
  2. Borut Pahor, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2008–present)
Spain
- Monarch - Juan Carlos, King of Spain (1975–present)
- Prime Minister - José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–present)
Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister - Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister of Sweden (2006–present)
Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Council - Moritz Leuenberger (1995–present), Pascal Couchepin (1998–present, President of the Confederation for the year 2008), Samuel Schmid (2000–present), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–present), Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–present, Vice-President of the Confederation for the year 2008), Doris Leuthard (2006–present), Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (2008–present)
- See also: List of 2008 office-holders in Switzerland
Turkey
- President - Abdullah Gül, President of Turkey (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–present)
Ukraine
- President - Victor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2007–present)
- Crimea
  - Chairman of the Parliament - Anatoli Hrytsenko, Chairman of the Parliament of the Crimean Republic (2006–present)
  - Prime Minister - Viktor Plakida, Prime Minister of Crimea (2006–present)
United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1952–present)
- Prime Minister - Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2007–present)
  - Northern Ireland
    - First Minister - Ian Paisley, First Minister of Northern Ireland (2007–2008)
    - First Minister - Peter Robinson, First Minister of Northern Ireland (2008-)
  - Scotland
    - First Minister - Alex Salmond, First Minister of Scotland (2007–present)
  - Wales
    - First Minister - Rhodri Morgan, First Minister of Wales (2000–present)
  - Gibraltar (British overseas territory)
    - Governor - Sir Robert Fulton, Governor of Gibraltar (2006–present)
    - Chief Minister - Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–present)
Vatican City
- Pope - Benedict XVI, Bishop of Rome (2005–present)
- Secretary of State - Tarcisio Cardinal Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State (2006–present)
- President - Giovanni Cardinal Lajolo, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (2006–present)

Middle East

Bahrain
- King - Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
- Prime minister - Khalifa bin Salman Ali Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1971–present)
Egypt
- President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–present)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004–present)
Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President - Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran (2005–present)
Iraq
- President - Jalal Talabani, President of Iraq (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Nuri al-Maliki, Prime Minister of Iraq, (2006–present)
- Kurdistan Autonomous Region
  - President - Massoud Barzani (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Nechirvan Barzani (2005–present)
Israel
- President - Shimon Peres, President of Israel (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Ehud Olmert, Prime Minister of Israel (2006–present)
Jordan
- Monarch - King Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Nader al-Dahabi, Prime Minister of Jordan (2007–present)
Kuwait
- Monarch - Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Nasser Al-Mohammed Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2006–present)
Lebanon
- President - Michel Sleiman, President of Lebanon (2008–present)
- Prime Minister - Fouad Siniora, Prime Minister of Lebanon (2005–present)
Oman
- Sultan - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
- Prime Minister - Qaboos Bin Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
Palestinian Authority (non-state administrative authority)
- President - Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian Authority (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Salam Fayyad, Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority (2007–present) (emergency rule)
- Gaza Strip
  - Prime Minister - Ismail Haniya, de facto leader of the Palestinian Authority in the Gaza Strip (2007–present)
Qatar
- Monarch - Hamad ibn Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–present)
- Prime Minister - Hamad bin Jassem bin Jabr Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2007–present)
Saudi Arabia
- King - Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Abdullah, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2005–present)
Syria
- President - Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Muhammad al-Otari, Prime Minister of Syria (2003–present)
United Arab Emirates
- President - Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
- Abu Dhabi
  - Emir - Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Emir of Abu Dhabi (2004–present)
- Ajman
  - Emir - Humaid bin Rashid Al Nuaimi, Emir of Ajman (1981–present)
- Dubai
  - Emir - Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Emir of Dubai (2006–present)
- Fujairah
  - Emir - Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi, Emir of Fujairah (1974–present)
- Ras al-Khaimah
  - Emir - Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qassimi, Emir of Ras al-Khaimah (1948–present)
- Sharjah
  - Emir - Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qasimi, Emir of Sharjah (1987–present)
- Umm al-Quwain
  - Emir - Rashid ibn Ahmad Al Mu'alla, Emir of Umm al-Quwain (1981–2009)
Yemen
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990–present)
- Prime Minister - Ali Mohammed Mujur, Prime Minister of Yemen (2007–present)

North America

Antigua and Barbuda
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Louise Lake-Tack, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–present)
Aruba (Netherlands)
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of Aruba (1980–present)
- Governor - Fredis Refunjol, Governor of Aruba (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Nelson O. Oduber, Prime Minister of Aruba (2001–present)
Bahamas
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Arthur Dion Hanna, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Hubert Ingraham, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2007–present)
Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
  2. David Thompson, Prime Minister of Barbados (2008–present)
Belize
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
- Prime Minister - Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
- Prime Minister - Dean Barrow, Prime Minister of Belize (2008–present)
Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada (2006–present)
Costa Rica
- President - Óscar Arias, President of Costa Rica (2006–present)
Cuba
- President -
  1. Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
  2. Raúl Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (2008–present) (Acting President of the Council of State, 2006–2008)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
  2. Raúl Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (2008–present) (Acting President of the Council of Ministers, 2006–2008)
Dominica
- President - Nicholas Liverpool, President of Dominica (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
Dominican Republic
- President - Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (2004–present)
El Salvador
- President - Antonio Saca, President of El Salvador (2004–present)
Grenada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General -
  1. Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–2008)
  2. Carlyle Glean, Governor-General of Grenada(2008-present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
  2. Tillman Thomas, Prime Minister of Grenada (2008–present)
Guatemala
- President -
  1. Óscar Berger, President of Guatemala (2004–2008)
  2. Álvaro Colom, President of Guatemala (2008–present)
Haiti
- President - René Préval, President of Haiti (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Jacques-Édouard Alexis, Prime Minister of Haiti (2006–2008)
  2. Michèle Pierre-Louis, Prime Minister of Haiti (2008–present)
Honduras
- President - Manuel Zelaya, President of Honduras (2006–present)
Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Kenneth Hall, Governor-General of Jamaica (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Bruce Golding, Prime Minister of Jamaica (2007–present)
Mexico
- President - Felipe Calderón, President of Mexico (2006–present)
Netherlands Antilles (Netherlands)
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
- Governor - Frits Goedgedrag, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Emily de Jongh-Elhage, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (2006–present)
Nicaragua
- President - Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (2007–present)
Panama
- President - Martín Torrijos, President of Panama (2004–present)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of